Difference between Impulse turbine and Reaction turbine

Difference between Impulse turbine and Reaction Turbine

What is Impulse turbine?

Impulse turbine works on the principle of impulse. In impulse turbine the drop in pressure of steam takes place only in nozzle and not in moving blades. this is obtained by making the blade passage of transformation takes place only in nozzle and rotor only cause energy transfer. In Impulse turbine the flow of steam through the nozzle and moving blades of a turbine takes place in such a manner that the steam is expanded only in nozzles, and pressure at the outlet sides of the blades is equal to that at inlet side.

What is Reaction turbine?

In reaction turbine steam used to rotate the shaft  by passing a high pressure steam through fixed blades and next to moving blades. when the steam enters in to fixed blades of reaction turbine, there is a decrease in pressure of steam and increases in steam velocity. In reaction turbine there is a further generation of kinetic energy due to the pressure drop suffered by the steam while passing through the moving blades. In this type of turbine the energy transformation occurs in both fixed and moving blades. since there is an acceleration of flow in moving blade passage hence chance of separation of flow is less which results in higher stage efficiency.

Difference between Impulse Turbine and Reaction Turbine:

Impulse Turbine:

• Impulse turbine used to drops the pressure at nozzle only at the time of steam flow.
• Blades used in impulse turbine is profile.
• Impulse turbine used to generated low power than reaction turbine.
• In this turbine steam pressure is constant at the time of flow over the blades.
• It has less efficiency than reaction turbine.
• In this, turbine contains symmetrical blades.
• It is used, when the power required is less.
• Manufacturing the blades is easy.
• It is economical.
• The relative velocity is constant when the flow of steam is over the blades.
• The stages required is less for a specified power.

Reaction Turbine:

• In reaction turbine, pressure drops at over-fixed nozzle and blades at the time of steam flow.
• Blades in reaction turbine are like aerofoil.
• This turbine generates more power than impulse turbine..
• In this turbine steam pressure decreases at the time of flow over blades.
• It has more efficiency than impulse turbine.
• In this, turbine contains non-symmetrical blades.
• It is used, when the power required is more.
• Manufacturing the blades is difficult.
• It is costly.
• The relative velocity increases when the flow of steam is over the blades.
• The stages required is more for a specified power.

Please Subscribe! and Don't forget to Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, Instagram and Google Plus.

Subscribe to our mailing list - Get Latest Updates on Mechanical Engineering Industry